Liderazgo de Servicio en el Sector Público Chileno: Validación con Perspectiva de Género
Servant Leadership in the Chilean Public Sector: Validation with a Gender Perspective
Liderança de Serviço no Setor Público Chileno: Validação com Perspectiva de Gênero
Resumen (es)
Este estudio valida la escala Servant Leadership Survey (SLS) de van Dierendonck y Nuijten (2011) en la administración pública chilena con perspectiva de género. Participaron 1.229 personas de 43 instituciones. El análisis factorial confirmatorio confirmó los ocho factores del modelo, con mejores índices de ajuste y fiabilidad para personas trabajadoras (ω = 0,956) que para personas supervisoras (ω = 0,747). El factor “responsabilizar” presentó cargas factoriales bajas en ambos grupos. Se comprobó la invarianza factorial por género en los niveles configural, métrico y escalar, sin alcanzarse en el nivel residual. Se hallaron diferencias significativas por género entre las personas trabajadoras en los factores “ceder méritos”, “humildad” y “responsabilizar”. La validez concurrente se evidenció con el constructo liderazgo transformacional, y la validez discriminante con el constructo motivación de servicio público. Los hallazgos respaldan la aplicabilidad de la escala SLS en el sector público chileno como modelo relacional y prosocial, aunque advierten la necesidad de ajustes en su uso como herramienta de autoevaluación de las personas supervisoras.
Resumen (en)
This study validates the Servant Leadership Survey (SLS) by van Dierendonck and Nuijten (2011) in the Chilean public administration with a gender perspective. A total of 1.229 individuals from 43 institutions participated. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the eight-factor model, showing better fit and reliability indices for employees (ω = 0,956) than for supervisors (ω = 0,747). The “accountability” factor presented low factor loadings in both groups. Measurement invariance across gender was confirmed at the configural, metric, and scalar levels, but not at the residual level. Significant gender differences were found among employees in the factors of “standing back,” “humility,” and “accountability.” Concurrent validity was confirmed with the construct of transformational leadership, and discriminant validity with public service motivation. The findings support the applicability of the SLS in the Chilean public sector as a relational and prosocial model, while also highlighting the need for adjustments when used as a self-assessment tool for supervisors.
Resumen (pt_BR)
Este estudo valida a Servant Leadership Survey (SLS) de van Dierendonck e Nuijten (2011) na administração pública chilena com perspectiva de gênero. Participaram 1.229 pessoas de 43 instituições. A análise fatorial confirmatória confirmou os oito fatores do modelo, com melhores índices de ajuste e confiabilidade para trabalhadores (ω = 0,956) do que para supervisores (ω = 0,747). O fator responsabilização apresentou cargas baixas em ambos os grupos. A invariância fatorial por gênero foi confirmada nos níveis configural, métrico e escalar, mas não no residual. Diferenças significativas por gênero foram encontradas entre trabalhadores nos fatores “atribuir méritos”, “humildade” e “responsabilização”. A validade concorrente foi evidenciada por correlações significativas com a liderança transformacional, e a validade discriminante por correlações baixas com a motivação para o serviço público. Os achados apoiam a aplicabilidade da SLS no setor público chileno como modelo relacional e pró-social, embora indiquem a necessidade de ajustes em seu uso como ferramenta de autoavaliação em supervisores.
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