Principios de igualdad y mecanismos de asignación de recursos: relevancia para el análisis de las políticas públicas
Equality Principles and Resource Allocation Mechanisms: Policy Implications
Resumen (es)
El objeto del presente artículo es diseñar un marco de análisis que permita el estudio sistemático de los mecanismos de asignación de recursos, y en particular, de estos mecanismos de carácter público.
Para ello se identifican, a partir de las teorías de la justicia y de la literatura existente en materia de políticas sociales y de los Estados del bienestar, cuatro principios: derecho, necesidad, mérito y utilidad, y se muestra cómo estos principios se pueden concretar en cuatro mecanismos específicos de asignación de recursos, que revelan cómo las instituciones públicas resuelven los asuntos relacionados con la distribución de recursos en nuestras sociedades.
Esta tipología se estudia a partir de cuatro criterios de análisis que son: la efectividad, la discrecionalidad, la transparencia y la robustez, criterios que se operativizan con el objetivo de poder evaluar cada uno de los mecanismos identificados y con ello su validez para el análisis de las políticas públicas.
Resumen (en)
The aim of this paper is the design of an analytical framework that enables the systematical study of the resource allocation mechanisms used by the public sector.
To design this framework, four principles steaming from the theories of justice and from the literature on welfare States and social policy are identified: right, need, merit and utility. Using the analytical framework developed, it is shown that these four principles can be nailed down into a typology of allocation mechanisms, that represents how public institutions are solving distributional issues in our societies.
This typology of resource allocation mechanisms is analyzed through the following criteria: effectiveness, discretion, transparency and robustness in order to evaluate those mechanisms and thus its validity for the public policies analysis.
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