Motivación de servicio público en los funcionarios públicos chilenos
Motivation for Public Service in Chilean Civil Servants
Resumen (es)
En los últimos treinta años el debate en el campo de la administración pública en América Latina ha girado en torno a cómo introducir reformas en el sector público inspiradas por la Nueva Gestión Pública. En efecto, la mayoría de las administraciones públicas se han enfocado casi exclusivamente en introducir este tipo de reformas, ignorando una serie de alternativas que han emergido en el debate académico. Una de esas alternativas es el enfoque de la motivación de servicio público que analiza cómo ciertos factores intrínsecos, directamente asociados con la noción de servicio público, motivan el comportamiento de los empleados públicos. Este artículo tiene como objetivo fomentar un debate latinoamericano respecto a cómo diseñar e implementar políticas de recursos humanos basadas en la teoría de la motivación de servicio público. A partir de una muestra no probabilística con 172 respuestas, este trabajo identifica un número de factores de motivación de servicio público entre funcionarios públicos chilenos. Los hallazgos muestran que la atracción por las políticas públicas, el compromiso con el interés general y la compasión son factores tan poderosos como el amor por el dinero. Al mismo tiempo, los resultados muestran que el autosacrificio no motiva a los funcionarios públicos chilenos. A partir de estos hallazgos, se presenta una discusión sobre la motivación de servicio público como enfoque útil para rediseñar políticas de recursos humanos.
Resumen (en)
In the last thirty years the debate in the field of public administration in Latin America has focused on how to introduce reforms in the public sector inspired by the New Public Management. Indeed, most public administrations have focused almost exclusively on introducing such type of reforms, ignoring a number of alternatives that have emerged in the academic debate. One of these alternatives is the public service motivation approach that analyzes how certain intrinsic factors, directly associated with the notion of public service, motivate the behavior of civil servants. This article aims to foster a Latin American debate on how to design and implement human resource policies based on the theory of public service motivation. Based on a non-probabilistic sample with 172 responses, this work identifies a number of public service motivation factors among Chilean civil servants. The findings show that attraction to public policies, commitment to the general interest, and compassion are as powerful factors as love for money. At the same time, the results show that self-sacrifice does not motivate Chilean civil servants. Based on these findings, a discussion on public service motivation as a useful approach for redesigning human resources policies is presented.
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