Gobernanza robusta: del concepto a las estrategias para afrontar entornos de turbulencia en América Latina
Robust Governance: from Concept to Strategies to Face Turbulent Environments in Latin America
Resumen (es)
El artículo plantea una aportación al debate académico sobre las respuestas a desarrollar desde el sector público a un entorno en el que las crisis, de diversa naturaleza y alcance, se van enlazando hasta cobrar un carácter estructural. La caracterización de las respuestas a las crisis, desde la resiliencia estática o la dinámica, a la robustez, permiten identificar diferentes equilibrios entre estabilidad y cambio. El concepto de gobernanza robusta como paradigma para afrontar un entorno de turbulencia parte de la integración de componentes propios de paradigmas precedentes, asentándose sobre un nuevo equilibrio entre estabilidad y cambio que permite potenciar las capacidades de adaptación de las instituciones públicas. El desarrollo del concepto, de cara a su eventual aplicación en la realidad latinoamericana, se plantea a través de cinco estrategias de carácter complementario que inciden tanto en las organizaciones públicas como en los modelos de relación de la red de actores implicados en la gobernanza. Con los conceptos, estrategias y evidencias aportadas, el trabajo contribuye al debate sobre un nuevo modelo de gestión y de relaciones del gobierno y la administración con su entorno. Un debate que permita ordenar las dinámicas innovadoras en la gestión pública frente a las nuevas exigencias del contexto que surgen de manera espontánea y escasamente articuladas. El paradigma de gobernanza robusta puede contribuir a lograr este objetivo.
Resumen (en)
This article contributes to the academic debate on the responses to be developed by the public sector to face an environment in which crises, of diverse nature and scope, are becoming intertwined until they take on a structural character. The characterization of responses to crises, from static or dynamic resilience to robustness, makes it possible to identify different trade-offs between stability and change. The concept of robust governance as a paradigm for dealing with a turbulent environment starts from the integration of components from previous paradigms and is based on a new balance between stability and change that allows strengthening the adaptive capacities of public institutions to be strengthened. The development of the concept, with a view to its eventual application in the Latin American reality, is proposed through five complementary strategies that affect both public organizations and the relationship models of the network of actors involved in governance. With the concepts, strategies and evidence provided, this work contributes to the debate on a new model of management and relations between government and administration with their environment. A debate that allows to organize innovative dynamics in public management in the face of the new demands of the context that arise in a spontaneous and poorly articulated manner. The robust governance paradigm can contribute to achieving this goal.
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