Creencias y actitudes en torno a la transparencia en la función pública: El caso chileno
Beliefs and attitudes towards transparency in the civil service: the Chilean case
Crenças e atitudes em relação à transparência no serviço público: o caso chileno
Resumen (es)
La transparencia es un aspecto fundamental en el desarrollo de la función pública. El objeto de este trabajo es analizar cuantitativamente el impacto de factores organizacionales, culturales e individuales en las actitudes de los funcionarios públicos de Chile hacia la transparencia. La metodología empleada incluye modelos logit utilizando datos de una encuesta aplicada en el sector público de este país en 2020. Los resultados revelaron complejidades y contradicciones en la relación entre estos factores y las actitudes favorables a la transparencia. Los factores significativos fueron los culturales y organizacionales. En cuanto a los factores culturales, la percepción de posibles represalias y la falta de relevancia para denunciar actos indebidos tuvieron una relación negativa con las actitudes pro-transparencia. Respecto a los factores organizacionales, los funcionarios en estamentos directivos y profesionales mostraron una mayor propensión a dudar sobre denunciar actos de corrupción, desafiando la expectativa de la problemática agente-principal.
Resumen (en)
Transparency in the public sector involves making information about government management accessible and comprehensible in the processes that determine its operations. How do beliefs and attitudes interact regarding this phenomenon among individuals working within the State? The objective of this study is to quantitatively analyze the impact of organizational, cultural, and individual factors on the attitudes of Chilean public bureaucracy toward transparency. The methodology employed included logit models using data from the “Ninth National Study on Public Officials’ Perception of the Right of Access to Information”, in 2020. The results revealed complexities and contradictions in the relationship between these factors and favorable attitudes toward transparency. Factors with significant impact were cultural and organizational. Regarding cultural factors, the perception of potential retaliation and the lack of importance given to reporting misconduct had a negative relationship with pro-transparency attitudes. As for organizational factors, officials in managerial and professional positions showed a greater propensity to hesitate about reporting acts of corruption, challenging the principal-agent problem's expectations.
Resumen (pt_BR)
A transparência no setor público envolve tornar as informações sobre a gestão governamental acessíveis e compreensíveis nos processos que determinam seu trabalho. Como as crenças e atitudes interagem com relação a esse fenômeno nas pessoas que trabalham no Estado? O objetivo deste artigo é analisar quantitativamente o impacto de fatores organizacionais, culturais e individuais nas atitudes da burocracia pública chilena em relação à transparência. A metodologia empregada inclui modelos logit e usa dados do “IX Estudo Nacional sobre a Percepção do Direito de Acesso à Informação entre Funcionários Públicos”, em 2020. Os resultados revelaram complexidades e contradições na relação entre esses fatores e as atitudes pró-transparência. Os fatores significativos foram culturais e organizacionais. Em termos de fatores culturais, a percepção de possíveis retaliações e a falta de relevância para a denúncia de irregularidades foram negativamente relacionadas às atitudes pró-transparência. Com relação aos fatores organizacionais, os funcionários em cargos gerenciais e profissionais mostraram uma maior propensão a hesitar em denunciar atos de corrupção, desafiando a expectativa do problema principal-agente.
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